Back pain is one of the most common reasons people see a physiotherapist. It can be sudden, after lifting or twisting, or come on gradually from sitting, posture or a change in activity. Either way, it can be worrying and can stop you working and sleeping.
What causes back pain?
- Strained muscles or ligaments, often after lifting, bending or a sudden movement
- Stiff or irritated spinal joints
- Disc problems, sometimes with leg pain (sciatica)
- Long periods of sitting, weak supporting muscles and low activity
- Age-related changes, which are very common and often painless
- Stress and poor sleep, which can make pain feel worse
How physiotherapy helps
We assess your spine, hips and pelvis, check the nerves to your legs and find which movements provoke your pain. Treatment then usually combines:
- Spinal mobilisation and, where suitable, manipulation
- Soft tissue massage for muscle spasm
- Acupuncture or dry needling for pain relief
- A graded exercise plan to restore movement and build core and hip strength
- Advice on sitting, lifting, sleeping and staying active at work
How long does back pain take to get better?
Most new episodes of back pain improve significantly within six weeks. If pain has lasted longer than three months, recovery is still very possible but usually takes a more gradual plan.
When to get urgent medical help
Call 999 or go to A&E if back pain comes with numbness or tingling around your bottom or genitals, new difficulty passing urine or controlling your bowels, or weakness in both legs. These can be signs of cauda equina syndrome. Also seek medical advice if back pain follows a serious fall or accident, comes with fever or unexplained weight loss, or you have a history of cancer.
Back pain holding you back? Book an assessment.
Common questions
Should I rest when my back hurts?
Short periods of rest are fine, but staying gently active usually helps back pain recover faster than bed rest. Keep moving within what feels manageable.
Do I need a scan for back pain?
Most people do not. Scans rarely change treatment for ordinary back pain and often show changes that are normal with age. We will tell you if your symptoms suggest you should be referred for one.
Is heat or ice better for back pain?
For most back pain, heat helps relax muscle spasm. Use whichever feels better, for 15 to 20 minutes at a time, and protect your skin.
How many physio sessions will I need for back pain?
Recent back pain often improves within three to six sessions. Long-standing pain usually needs a longer plan focused on strength and confidence in movement.
When is back pain an emergency?
Call 999 or go to A&E if you have numbness around your bottom or genitals, problems controlling your bladder or bowels, or weakness in both legs.
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